The ring is two circles: a faint track and a colored fill. Setting pathLength="100" tells the browser to treat each circle's length as exactly 100 units, so the dash pattern is plain percentages: stroke-dasharray: 40 100 draws 40% of the circle and leaves the rest empty. Rotating the SVG by −90° makes it start at 12 o'clock.
Because the fill is a CSS transition on stroke-dasharray, every change animates smoothly with no JavaScript animation code. role="progressbar" with aria-valuenow lets screen readers announce the value.
Use it for real: call setProgress() from your upload or task progress events.